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<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образование и право</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2076-1503</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24412/2076-1503-2026-10-107-113</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Федерализм как правовая идея и конституционная категория</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Federalism as a legal idea and constitutional category</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булаков</surname><given-names>Олег Николаевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulakov</surname><given-names>Oleg Nikolaevich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>bulakov62@yandex.ru</email></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Doctor of Law, Professor, Professor, Department of Public Authority, and Legal Status of the Individual, Institute of Jurisprudence Russian State, University for the Humanities (RSUH), Moscow, Russia</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">доктор юридических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры публичной власти и правового положения личности, Институт Правоведения Российского государственного, гуманитарного университета (РГГУ), Москва, Россия</institution></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-10-30"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>10</issue><fpage>107</fpage><lpage>113</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-09-08"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-10-29"><day>29</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></date></history><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="federalizm-kak-pravovaya-ideya-i-konstitutsionnaya-kategoriya-107-113.pdf" xlink:title="PDF"/><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Федерализм принадлежит к числу базовых категорий конституционного права, поскольку через него раскрывается не только территориальная организация государства, но и способ распределения публичной власти, политической ответственности и правотворческой компетенции. В самом общем виде федерализм можно определить как конституционно оформленный принцип организации сложного государства, при котором публичная власть институционально распределяется между общефедеральным уровнем и субъектами федерации, а автономия последних юридически гарантируется и сочетается с государственной целостностью, верховенством федеральной конституции и участием субъектов в формировании общегосударственной воли.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>Federalism is one of the basic categories of constitutional law, since it reveals not only the territorial organization of the state, but also the method of distributing public power, political responsibility and legal competence. In its most general form, federalism can be defined as a constitutionally formalized principle of organizing a complex state, in which public power is institutionally distributed between the federal level and the subjects of the federation, and the autonomy of the latter is legally guaranteed and combined with state integrity, the supremacy of the federal constitution and the participation of subjects in the formation of national will.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>federalism</kwd><kwd>constitution</kwd><kwd>public power</kwd><kwd>federal structure</kwd><kwd>state power</kwd><kwd>human rights</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>федерализм</kwd><kwd>конституция</kwd><kwd>публичная власть</kwd><kwd>федеративное устройство</kwd><kwd>государственная власть</kwd><kwd>права человека</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[1] Майсурадзе К. А. Парламентаризм и парламент: сходство и различия // Образование и право. — 2025. — № 6. — С. 103–108.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref2"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">[2] Wheare K. C. Federal Government. 4th ed. 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