Образование и право2076-150310.24412/2076-1503-2026-5-696-703OtherСОВРЕМЕННОЕ ПОНИМАНИЕ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА: ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ, СУЩНОСТЬ И ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАЗВИТИЯ МАШИННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯA CONTEMPORARY UNDERSTANDING OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: THE EVOLUTION, NATURE, AND DEVELOPMENT OF MACHINE LEARNINGСеменовАлександр АлександровичSemenovAlexander Alexandrovichmail@law-books.ruГончарВладимир ВладимировичGoncharVladimir Vladimirovichvg0778@bk.ruChief Researcher, Federal State Budgetary Institution “STIS”, of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russiaнаучный сотрудник ФКУ НПО «СТиС» МВД РоссииAssociate Professor, Department of Information, Technology and Cybercrime Investigation, Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee, of the Russian Federation named after A. Ya. SukharevДоцент кафедры информационных технологий и, организации расследования киберпреступлений, Московская академия Следственного комитета, Российской Федерации имени А.Я. Сухарева2705202656967031505202627052026

Описана эволюция представлений об искусственном интеллекте и показано отсутствие его строгого определения. Подчеркивается, что современный искусственный интеллект фактически сводится к методам машинного обучения и нейронным сетям. Рассмотрены принципы их функционирования, различие между обучением и инференсом, а также ключевая роль данных в процессе обучения. Отмечены экспериментальный и децентрализованный характер развития машинного обучения и влияние роста вычислительных мощностей. Сделан вывод о преимущественно эмпирической природе современного этапа развития искусственного интеллекта

The evolution of concepts around artificial intelligence is described, demonstrating the lack of a strict definition. It is emphasized that modern artificial intelligence essentially boils down to machine learning methods and neural networks. The principles of their operation, the distinction between learning and inference, and the keyrole of data in the learning process are examined. The experimental and decentralized nature of machine learning development and the impact of increasing computing power are highlighted. A conclusion is drawn regarding the predominantly empirical nature of the current stage of artificial intelligence development

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