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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD with OASIS Tables with MathML3 v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образование и право</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2076-1503</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24412/2076-1503-2026-6-936-946</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">РОЛЬ ДАТАСЕТОВ И ЭКСПЕРТНОГО ВЫБОРА МЕТОДОВ В ОБУЧЕНИИ НЕЙРОСЕТЕЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE ROLE OF DATASETS AND EXPERT CHOICE OF METHODS IN TRAINING NEURAL NETWORKS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>Александр Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr Aleksandrovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>mail@law-books.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончар</surname><given-names>Владимир Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gonchar</surname><given-names>Vladimir Vladimirovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><email>vg0778@bk.ru</email></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Chief Researcher, Federal State Budgetary Institution “STIS”, of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">научный сотрудник  ФКУ НПО «СТиС» МВД России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Associate Professor, Department of Information Technology and Cybercrime, Investigation Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee, of the Russian Federation named after A. Ya. Sukharev</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Доцент кафедры информационных технологий и, организации расследования киберпреступлений, Московская академия Следственного комитета, Российской Федерации имени А.Я. Сухарева</institution></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-01-01"><day>01</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>6</issue><fpage>936</fpage><lpage>946</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-06-07"><day>07</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-06-29"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></date></history><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="publication-aa07c5b5-ee90-44fc-94ce-3be690654d9e.pdf" xlink:title="PDF"/><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В работе рассматривается значимость датасета и экспертных знаний в процессе обучения нейросетей. Показано, что качество и структура данных во многом определяют возможность решения задачи, точность модели и характер ошибок. Описыва ются критерии оценки данных, используемые специалистами по машинному обучению, а также проводится сопоставление процессов обучения нейросетей и человека. Делается акцент на том, что выбор подхода к обучению выходит за рамки настройки алгоритмов оптимизации и требует глубокого понимания природы данных</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>This paper examines the importance of datasets and expert knowledge in training neural networks. It is shown that the quality and structure of data largely determine the feasibility of solving a problem, the accuracy of a model, and the nature of errors. The paper describes the data evaluation criteria used by machine learning specialists and compares the training processes of neural networks and humans. Itemphasizes that the choice of training approach goes beyond tuning optimization algorithms and requires a deep understanding of the nature of the data</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>нейросети</kwd><kwd>датасет</kwd><kwd>обучение моделей</kwd><kwd>каче ство данных</kwd><kwd>компьютерное зрение</kwd><kwd>экспертные знания</kwd><kwd>градиентный спуск</kwd><kwd>анализ дан ных</kwd><kwd>обобщающая способность</kwd><kwd>ошибки модели</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>neural networks</kwd><kwd>datasets</kwd><kwd>model training</kwd><kwd>data quality</kwd><kwd>comput ervision</kwd><kwd>expert knowledge</kwd><kwd>gradient descent</kwd><kwd>data analysis</kwd><kwd>generalization ability</kwd><kwd>model errors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Chen Zhang, Joohee KimVideo object detection with two-path convolutional LSTM pyramid. 2016. – URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publica tion /343702579_Video_Object_Detection_With_ Two-Path_ Convolutional_LSTM_ Pyramid/fulltex t/5f3b2658928 51cd302013482/Video-Object-Detec tion-With-Two-Path-Convolutional-LSTM-Pyramid. pdf/ (дата обращения: 16.01.2026).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Chen Zhang, Joohee KimVideo object detection with two-path convolutional LSTM pyramid. 2016. – URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publica tion /343702579_Video_Object_Detection_With_ Two-Path_ Convolutional_LSTM_ Pyramid/fulltex t/5f3b2658928 51cd302013482/Video-Object-Detec tion-With-Two-Path-Convolutional-LSTM-Pyramid. pdf/ (дата обращения: 16.01.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref2"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Hanson A., Koutilya PNVR, Sanjukta Krishnagopal, Larry Davis Bidirectional Convolutional LSTM for the Detection of Violence in Videos. 2018. – URL: https://openaccess.thecvf.com/content_ eccv_2018_workshops/w10 /html/Hanson_Bidirec tional_Convolutional_LSTM_or_the_ Detection_of_ Violence_in_ Videos_ ECCVW_2018_paper.html (дата обращения: 15.01.2026).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Hanson A., Koutilya PNVR, Sanjukta Krishnagopal, Larry Davis Bidirectional Convolutional LSTM for the Detection of Violence in Videos. 2018. – URL: https://openaccess.thecvf.com/content_ eccv_2018_workshops/w10 /html/Hanson_Bidirec tional_Convolutional_LSTM_or_the_Detection_of_ Violence_in_ Videos_ ECCVW_2018_paper.html (дата обращения: 15.01.2026).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref3"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="en">Howard A.G., Menglong Zhu, BoChen, Kalenichenko D. 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