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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD with OASIS Tables with MathML3 v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Образование и право</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2076-1503</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24412/2076-1503-2026-5-599-605</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ ДЕТЕРМИНАЦИЯ ПРЕСТУПНОГО НАСИЛЬСТВЕННОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ: ТЕОРЕТИКО-РЕТРОСПЕКТИВНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ И ИХ КРИМИНОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>GENETIC DETERMINATION OF CRIMINAL VIOLENT BEHAVIOR: A THEORETICAL AND RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH AND ITS CRIMINOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шестак</surname><given-names>Виктор Анатольевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shestak</surname><given-names>Viktor Anatolyevich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>viktor_shestak@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьев</surname><given-names>Вячеслав Вадимович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratyev</surname><given-names>Vyacheslav Vadimovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><email>mail@law-books.ru</email></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Doctor of Law, Associate Professor, Professor, Department 25 (Military Administration, Administrative and Financial Law), of the Prince Alexander Nevsky Military University, of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">доктор юридических наук, доцент, профессор 25 кафедры (военной администрации, административного и финансового права), Военного университета имени князя Александра Невского, Министерства обороны Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Public Assistant to the Senior Investigator of the Tambov Interdistrict Investigative Department of the Investigative Directorate of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation for Tambov Oblast</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">общественный помощник старшего следователя, Тамбовского межрайонного следственного отдела, следственного управления Следственного комитета, Российской Федерации по Тамбовской области</institution></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-05-27"><day>27</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>5</issue><fpage>599</fpage><lpage>605</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-05-16"><day>16</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-05-27"><day>27</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></date></history><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="publication-b4c8860c-67c4-4ed9-81a2-291668fda53d.pdf" xlink:title="PDF"/><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье рассматривается проблема генетической детерминации насильственного преступного поведения в теоретико-ретроспективном и криминологическом аспектах. Последовательно анализируется эволюция научных представлений: от ранних биологизаторских и евгенических концепций Ф. Гальтона, Ч. Ломброзо, Ю. Филипченко и близнецовых исследований Й. Ланге до современных подходов поведенческой генетики. Особое внимание уделено критике моногенного детерминизма и представлений о существовании «гена преступности» или «гена агрессии». В работе подчеркивается, что преступное поведение не может быть непосредственно сведено к генетическим факторам, поскольку уголовно-правовая категория преступления отличается от психологических и биологических характеристик личности. Анализируются исследования кандидатных генов MAOA, COMT и SLC6A4, а также значение полногеномных ассоциативных исследований и полигенного индекса риска. Обосновывается вероятностный, многофакторный характер влияния генетических особенностей на агрессивность, импульсивность, стресс-реактивность и антисоциальные черты. Делается вывод о необходимости комплексных исследований, учитывающих средовые, популяционные, социальные и семейные факторы, а также типологическое разнообразие насильственного поведения</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>The article examines the problem of the genetic determination of violent criminal behavior in theoretical, retrospective and criminological aspects. The evolution of scientific ideas is consistently analyzed: from the early biologizing and eugenic concepts of F. Galton, C. Lombroso, Yu. Filipchenko and J. Lange’s twin studies to modern approaches of behavioral genetics. Special attention is paid to the criticism of monogenic determinism and ideas about the existence of a “crime gene” or “aggression gene”. The paper emphasizes that criminal behavior cannot be directly reduced to genetic factors, since the criminal category of crime differs from the psychological and biological characteristics of a person. Studies of the candidate genes MAOA, COMT, and SLC6A4 are analyzed, aswell as the significance of genome-wide associative studies and the polygenic risk index. The article substantiates the probabilistic, multifactorial nature of the influence of genetic characteristics on aggression, impulsivity, stress reactivity and antisocial traits. It is concluded that comprehensive research is necessary, taking into account environmental, population, social and family factors, aswell as the typological diversity of violent behavior</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polygenic risk index</kwd><kwd>antisocial behavior</kwd><kwd>aggression</kwd><kwd>genetic determination</kwd><kwd>violent criminal behavior</kwd><kwd>behavioral genetics</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>генетическая детерминация</kwd><kwd>насильственное преступное поведение</kwd><kwd>поведенческая генетика</kwd><kwd>антисоциальное поведение</kwd><kwd>агрессия</kwd><kwd>полигенный индекс риска</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Канаев И. И. Френсис Гальтон. - Л.: Наука, 1972. - С. 22-52.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref2"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Ломброзо Ч. 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